Parathyroid gland histology

The video tutorial explores the parathyroid glands, focusing on their anatomy, histology, and clinical significance. It begins with an introduction to the glands' location and function, followed by a detailed look at their gross anatomy and histological features. The tutorial examines the chief and oxyphil cells, their roles, and the vascular structures within the glands. Clinical notes on parathyroid adenomas and their impact on calcium levels are also discussed. The tutorial concludes with a review of the key points covered.

Where are the parathyroid glands located?

• Near the heart

• In the brain

• In the abdomen

• On the back of the thyroid gland

What is the primary function of the parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

• Regulate blood sugar levels

• Regulate blood pressure

• Regulate body temperature

• Regulate blood calcium levels

Which cells in the parathyroid gland are responsible for producing PTH?

• Oxyphil cells

• Chief cells

• Adipose cells

• Nerve cells

What is the distinguishing feature of oxyphil cells compared to chief cells?

• They have more cytoplasm

• They are smaller

• They are found in the brain

• They produce more PTH

What type of capillaries are found in the parathyroid glands?

• Lymphatic capillaries

• Sinusoidal capillaries

• Fenestrated capillaries

• Continuous capillaries

Which vessel type is responsible for carrying deoxygenated blood away from the parathyroid gland?

• Capillaries

• Arteries

• Veins

• Lymphatic vessels

What is a parathyroid adenoma?

• A malignant tumor

• A benign tumor

• A genetic disorder

• A type of infection

What condition is caused by an overproduction of parathyroid hormone due to adenomas?

• Hyperthyroidism

• Hypothyroidism

• Hyperparathyroidism

• Hypoparathyroidism

What is the common treatment for parathyroid adenomas?

• Chemotherapy

• Radiation therapy

• Medication

• Surgical removal

What is the role of lymphatic vessels in the parathyroid glands?

• Transport oxygen

• Collect fluid and waste

• Store calcium

• Produce hormones