Napoleon's Invasion of Russia 1812

Napoleon's invasion of Russia in 1812 was marked by initial alliances and strategic plans that quickly unraveled due to logistical challenges, harsh weather, and fierce Russian resistance. Despite assembling a massive multinational army, Napoleon faced setbacks, including supply issues and the resilient Russian scorched earth strategy. The Battle of Smolensk resulted in heavy casualties but no decisive victory. Napoleon's decision to advance towards Moscow, despite the risks, set the stage for further conflict, highlighting the complexities and challenges of his campaign.

What was the main reason for the deterioration of relations between France and Russia after the initial alliance?

• The economic blockade against Britain

• The annexation of the Duchy of Oldenburg

• The creation of the Duchy of Warsaw

• Napoleon's marriage to Marie Louise

Which countries provided troops for Napoleon's army during the invasion of Russia?

• Allied states across Europe

• Only France and Poland

• France, Austria, and Prussia

• France, Germany, and Italy

What was the Russian strategy in response to Napoleon's invasion?

• Defensive fortifications

• Scorched earth and retreat

• Immediate counterattack

• Diplomatic negotiations

What major logistical issue did Napoleon's army face during the invasion?

• Inadequate leadership

• Insufficient manpower

• Poor road conditions

• Lack of weapons

How did the Russian Cossacks impact Napoleon's campaign?

• They engaged in direct battles with the French

• They joined Napoleon's forces

• They provided intelligence to Napoleon

• They disrupted French supply lines

What was the outcome of the Battle of Smolensk?

• Heavy casualties with no clear winner

• A decisive Russian victory

• A decisive French victory

• A strategic retreat by the French

Why did Napoleon decide to continue towards Moscow after Smolensk?

• He wanted to capture the Russian capital

• He believed the Russian army was defeated

• He was pressured by his generals

• He wanted to avoid the Russian winter

What change in Russian command occurred before the Battle of Borodino?

• General Barkley was replaced by General Kutuzov

• General Platov was given command

• Emperor Alexander took direct command

• General Bagration was promoted

What was the significance of Moscow in the campaign?

• It was the location of the Russian army's headquarters

• It was the political capital of Russia

• It was a major supply depot

• It was the spiritual heart of Russia

What was the Russian public's perception of the war against Napoleon?

• A war for territorial expansion

• A war to protect economic interests

• A war to support European allies

• A war to save Holy Mother Russia