GCSE Chemistry - Fractional Distillation and Simple Distillation #50

The video tutorial explains the types of distillation used to separate liquid mixtures, focusing on simple and fractional distillation. Simple distillation is used to separate a liquid from a solution, demonstrated with seawater. The equipment includes a flask, thermometer, condenser, and heating device. Fractional distillation is used for mixtures with similar boiling points, like methanol, ethanol, and propanol. It involves a fractionating column with glass rods to separate the liquids based on their boiling points.

What is the primary purpose of simple distillation?

• To separate a liquid from a solution

• To cool down a solution

• To separate solids from liquids

• To mix different liquids

Which piece of equipment is essential for measuring temperature in simple distillation?

• Beaker

• Bunsen burner

• Water jacket

• Thermometer

In the simple distillation of seawater, what remains in the flask after the process?

• Salt

• Pure water

• Ethanol

• Methanol

Why is fractional distillation necessary for separating methanol, ethanol, and propanol?

• They have different colors

• They have similar boiling points

• They are immiscible

• They are all solids

What is the purpose of the glass rods in the fractionating column?

• To mix the liquids

• To cool the mixture

• To provide a high surface area

• To heat the mixture

At what temperature does methanol typically evaporate during fractional distillation?

• 78°C

• 100°C

• 90°C

• 65°C

What happens to ethanol and propanol as they rise up the fractionating column?

• They evaporate completely

• They condense and fall back into the flask

• They mix with methanol

• They turn into gas