CAMPO ELÉCTRICO y MAGNÉTICO y TODO lo que necesitas para la PAU

The video tutorial explores the similarities and differences between gravitational and electric fields, emphasizing the role of charges and field lines. It discusses conservative forces, potential energy, and Gauss's theorem for electric field calculations. The tutorial delves into magnetism, highlighting its connection to moving charges and applications like speed selectors and cyclotrons. It concludes with an explanation of magnetic induction and alternating current, offering study recommendations for mastering electromagnetism.

What is the fundamental difference between gravitational and electric fields?

• Gravitational fields have two types of charges.

• Electric fields can be shielded, but gravitational fields cannot.

• Electric fields are always attractive.

• Gravitational fields are stronger than electric fields.

According to Gauss's theorem, what does the electric field depend on?

• The shape of the charge distribution.

• The total charge enclosed by a surface.

• The type of material surrounding the charge.

• The distance from the charge to the surface.

What historical tool was invented in China over 2000 years ago that relates to magnetism?

• The astrolabe

• The compass

• The abacus

• The sundial

What is the effect of a magnetic field on a moving charge?

• It has no effect on the charge.

• It accelerates the charge in the direction of the field.

• It exerts a force perpendicular to the charge's velocity.

• It stops the charge from moving.

What is the role of a speed selector in a particle accelerator?

• To filter particles by a specific speed.

• To select particles based on their charge.

• To measure the energy of particles.

• To increase the speed of all particles.

How does a cyclotron accelerate particles?

• By increasing the magnetic field strength.

• By synchronizing electric field reversals with particle motion.

• By applying a constant electric field.

• By using gravitational fields.

What phenomenon did Faraday and Henry independently observe?

• Electric currents generating gravitational fields.

• Magnetic fields generating electric currents.

• Gravitational fields generating magnetic fields.

• Electric fields generating magnetic fields.

What is the main characteristic of alternating current?

• It flows in one direction only.

• It is generated by static charges.

• It is weaker than direct current.

• It changes direction periodically.

What is the significance of Lenz's law in electromagnetic induction?

• It predicts the direction of electric field lines.

• It calculates the strength of the magnetic field.

• It states that the induced current opposes the change in magnetic flux.

• It determines the speed of the induced current.

What is the relationship between electric currents and magnetic fields?

• Magnetic fields weaken electric currents.

• Electric currents generate magnetic fields and vice versa.

• Magnetic fields can only be generated by static charges.

• Electric currents are unaffected by magnetic fields.