How is it possible to measure the distance to stars and galaxies?

The video explains how scientists measure distances in space using various methods. The parallax method is the most accurate for stars within 400 light years. For greater distances, scientists use main sequence stars and their brightness patterns. Cepheid variables help measure distances to other galaxies, while Type 1a supernovae are used for even further distances. These methods highlight the challenges and ingenuity in understanding the vastness of space.

What is the primary method used to measure distances up to 400 light years?

• Redshift

• Cepheid Variables

• Parallax Method

• Type 1a Supernovae

What is the main limitation of the parallax method?

• It is only effective up to 400 light years.

• It requires a very large telescope.

• It cannot measure distances to galaxies.

• It can only measure distances within our solar system.

How do scientists estimate distances beyond 400 light years using main sequence stars?

• By observing the star's orbit around the sun.

• By measuring the star's temperature and color.

• By using the star's brightness and color.

• By calculating the star's gravitational pull.

What characteristic of cepheid variables makes them useful for measuring distances to other galaxies?

• Their constant brightness.

• Their periodic changes in brightness.

• Their large size.

• Their proximity to Earth.

What is a key challenge when using cepheid variables to measure distances to distant galaxies?

• They are too dim to be seen.

• They are not present in all galaxies.

• Long exposure photos can blur their light variations.

• Their brightness changes are too rapid.

What event is used to measure distances up to 13.2 billion light years?

• Parallax Shifts

• Main Sequence Star Brightness

• Cepheid Variable Pulses

• Type 1a Supernovae

Why do scientists need to be patient when using Type 1a supernovae for distance measurement?

• They occur very frequently.

• They are difficult to detect.

• They do not happen often.

• They require complex calculations.