How is it possible to measure the distance to stars and galaxies?

The video explains how scientists measure distances in space using various methods. The parallax method is the most accurate for stars within 400 light years. For greater distances, scientists use main sequence stars and their brightness patterns. Cepheid variables help measure distances to other galaxies, while Type 1a supernovae are used for even further distances. These methods highlight the challenges and ingenuity in understanding the vastness of space.

What limitations do scientists face when measuring distances beyond 400 light years?

How do the brightness and color of stars relate to their distance from Earth?

Discuss the challenges of measuring distances to galaxies billions of light years away.