Muskeln der Zunge

This tutorial covers the anatomy and functions of the tongue muscles, including both intrinsic and extrinsic groups. It explains the roles of the genio-, stylo-, and palatoglossus muscles, as well as the superior and inferior longitudinal, vertical, and transversus muscles. The video also discusses the blood supply and innervation of these muscles, primarily by the hypoglossal nerve, and highlights clinical conditions like hypoglossal paresis, which can affect tongue movement.

What are the three primary functions of the tongue?

• Swallowing, tasting, and speaking

• Breathing, tasting, and speaking

• Swallowing, breathing, and speaking

• Tasting, breathing, and swallowing

What separates the tongue body from the tongue root?

• Sulcus medianus

• Palatine process

• Sulcus terminalis

• Lingual septum

How are the tongue muscles categorized?

• Medial and lateral

• Intrinsic and extrinsic

• Superior and inferior

• Anterior and posterior

Which muscle is responsible for protruding and depressing the tongue?

• Styloglossus

• Hyoglossus

• Genioglossus

• Palatoglossus

Which nerve innervates most of the tongue muscles?

• Vagus nerve

• Trigeminal nerve

• Facial nerve

• Hypoglossal nerve

What is the primary function of the superior longitudinal muscle?

• To retract the tongue

• To elevate the tongue

• To depress the tongue

• To protrude the tongue

Which muscle is not innervated by the hypoglossal nerve?

• Hyoglossus

• Genioglossus

• Palatoglossus

• Styloglossus

What is the role of the transversus and vertical muscles?

• To elevate the tongue

• To depress the tongue

• To make the tongue short and wide

• To make the tongue long and narrow

What is a common symptom of hypoglossal nerve paralysis?

• Difficulty in swallowing

• Tongue deviation to the healthy side

• Tongue deviation to the affected side

• Loss of taste

Which condition is NOT a cause of hypoglossal paresis?

• Diabetes

• Cerebral infarction

• Meningitis

• Multiple sclerosis