DNA Replication

Mr. Anderson explains DNA replication, a crucial process ensuring each cell has identical DNA. He covers the cell cycle, theories of replication, and the Meselson-Stahl experiment, which confirmed the semi-conservative model. The video details DNA's structure, the replication process, and the roles of enzymes like helicase and DNA polymerase. It also discusses replication origins in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, emphasizing the accuracy and importance of DNA replication.

Why is DNA replication crucial for cell division?

• It helps cells to move faster.

• It allows cells to grow larger.

• It prevents cells from dying.

• It ensures each new cell has a complete set of DNA.

Which model of DNA replication was confirmed by the Meselson-Stahl experiment?

• Random

• Semi-conservative

• Conservative

• Dispersive

What are the three main components of a DNA nucleotide?

• Sugar, lipid, protein

• Sugar, phosphate, nitrogenous base

• Phosphate, lipid, nitrogenous base

• Protein, sugar, nitrogenous base

How do the two strands of DNA run in relation to each other?

• Identical

• Anti-parallel

• Parallel

• Perpendicular

What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?

• It binds DNA strands together.

• It unwinds the DNA double helix.

• It repairs DNA mutations.

• It adds nucleotides to the DNA strand.

Why is the lagging strand named so in DNA replication?

• It is synthesized faster than the leading strand.

• It does not require a primer.

• It is synthesized in short fragments.

• It is synthesized continuously.

What is the function of DNA polymerase during replication?

• It unwinds the DNA helix.

• It adds new nucleotides to the growing DNA strand.

• It removes RNA primers.

• It joins Okazaki fragments.

What is the role of DNA ligase in DNA replication?

• It synthesizes RNA primers.

• It joins Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand.

• It adds nucleotides to the leading strand.

• It unwinds the DNA helix.

In prokaryotic cells, how does DNA replication differ from eukaryotic cells?

• It occurs in multiple locations simultaneously.

• It starts at a single origin of replication.

• It does not require enzymes.

• It is slower than in eukaryotic cells.

What is a replication fork in DNA replication?

• A point where DNA is synthesized continuously.

• A point where DNA is damaged.

• A point where DNA strands are separated and replication occurs.

• A point where DNA strands are joined.