Bruner’s 3 Steps of Learning in a Spiral Curriculum

The video explains a three-step learning process from concrete to abstract, emphasizing hands-on action, image-based learning, and language transformation. It highlights Singapore's successful math curriculum, developed by focusing on fewer concepts in greater detail. The curriculum follows Bruner's guidelines, using a spiral approach and scaffolding. Singapore's students excel in math and science globally. Jerome Bruner, a pioneer in cognitive development, believed any subject could be taught to any child at any stage.

What is the first step in the learning process described in the video?

• Memorizing facts

• Learning with images

• Hands-on action

• Transforming knowledge into language

How did the Singaporean government aim to improve its math curriculum in the 1980s?

• By focusing on rote memorization

• By importing foreign textbooks

• By reducing the number of concepts studied

• By building a curriculum from scratch

In the second step of the learning process, what are students encouraged to do?

• Write essays

• Draw pictures

• Solve equations

• Memorize definitions

What is the purpose of the spiral curriculum?

• To focus on memorization

• To revisit topics at regular intervals

• To avoid repetition

• To introduce new topics frequently

What did Jerome Bruner believe about teaching any subject to children?

• It should be taught only to older children

• It can be taught in an intellectually honest form at any stage

• It requires advanced textbooks

• It should focus on memorization