Lymphatics of the mediastinum

This video tutorial explores the lymphatics of the mediastinum, focusing on the anatomy and function of major lymphatic vessels and nodes. It begins with an overview of the lymphatic system, followed by a detailed explanation of the mediastinum's structure. The tutorial then delves into the major lymphatic vessels, such as the thoracic duct, and the lymph nodes within the mediastinum. Clinical notes on lymphadenopathy highlight the importance of these structures in diagnosing conditions like cancer. The tutorial concludes with a summary of key points covered.

What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?

• Producing red blood cells

• Transporting oxygen to tissues

• Carrying nutrients to cells

• Removing extracellular toxins and waste

Where is the mediastinum located?

• Between the pleural sacs

• Above the diaphragm

• Behind the vertebral column

• In the abdominal cavity

Which is the largest lymphatic vessel in the body?

• Right lymphatic duct

• Bronchomediastinal trunk

• Subclavian vein

• Thoracic duct

What is the role of the thoracic duct?

• Drains lymph from the right side of the body

• Carries lymph from the lower body to the bloodstream

• Transports oxygenated blood to the heart

• Connects the lymph nodes to the spleen

Which lymph nodes are located around the trachea and bronchi?

• Posterior mediastinal lymph nodes

• Brachiocephalic lymph nodes

• Intercostal lymph nodes

• Tracheobronchial lymph nodes

What do the brachiocephalic lymph nodes drain?

• Thymus and thyroid glands

• Liver and diaphragm

• Lungs and esophagus

• Heart and pericardium

Which lymph nodes are found in the posterior mediastinum?

• Brachiocephalic lymph nodes

• Supraclavicular lymph nodes

• Posterior mediastinal lymph nodes

• Tracheobronchial lymph nodes

What is lymphadenopathy?

• Enlargement of lymph nodes

• Formation of new lymph nodes

• Blockage of lymphatic vessels

• Infection of the lymphatic system

Which lymph node is known as Virchow's node?

• Tracheobronchial node

• Brachiocephalic node

• Left supraclavicular node

• Right supraclavicular node

What is the Troisier sign associated with?

• Autoimmune disorders

• Lymphatic vessel blockage

• Metastatic cancer

• Infection of the lymph nodes