Muscles of the posterior leg

This video tutorial covers the anatomy of the posterior leg muscles, focusing on their structure, origin, insertion, innervation, and functions. It begins with an overview of the muscle groups, including the triceps surae and plantaris, and then delves into the deep posterior muscles like the popliteus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, and flexor hallucis longus. The tutorial concludes with a summary and resources for further learning.

Which muscles are part of the superficial layer of the posterior leg?

• Gastrocnemius and soleus

• Triceps surae and plantaris

• Popliteus and tibialis posterior

• Flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus

What is the primary function of the triceps surae?

• Extension of the toes

• Plantar flexion of the upper ankle joint

• Flexion of the knee

• Supination of the lower ankle joint

Where does the plantaris muscle originate?

• Interosseous membrane of the leg

• Posterior surface of the tibia

• Oblique popliteal ligament and lateral epicondyle of the femur

• Medial epicondyle of the femur

Which nerve innervates the deep posterior muscles of the lower leg?

• Peroneal nerve

• Tibial nerve

• Femoral nerve

• Sciatic nerve

What is the function of the popliteus muscle?

• Plantar flexion of the ankle

• Extension of the knee

• Stabilization of the dorsal knee region

• Flexion of the big toe

Where does the tibialis posterior insert?

• Tuberosity of the navicular bone and cuneiform bones

• Lateral epicondyle of the femur

• Base of the distal phalanx of the big toe

• Posterior surface of the tibia

What is the origin of the flexor digitorum longus?

• Lateral condyle of the femur

• Interosseous membrane of the leg

• Posterior surface of the tibia

• Posterior surface of the fibula

Which muscle is responsible for flexing the big toe?

• Flexor digitorum longus

• Tibialis posterior

• Flexor hallucis longus

• Popliteus

What is the insertion point of the flexor hallucis longus?

• Posterior surface of the tibia

• Base of the distal phalanx of the big toe

• Lateral epicondyle of the femur

• Tuberosity of the navicular bone

What is the function of the tendon sheath of the flexor hallucis longus?

• Extends the ankle joint

• Stabilizes the knee joint

• Flexes the second and third toes

• Supports the transverse and longitudinal arches of the foot