Muscles of the tongue

What are the three main functions of the tongue?

• Speech, breathing, and chewing

• Swallowing, chewing, and breathing

• Chewing, breathing, and taste

• Swallowing, taste, and speech

Which muscle is responsible for protruding the tongue?

• Hyoglossus

• Genioglossus

• Styloglossus

• Palatoglossus

Which artery supplies the genioglossus muscle?

• Ascending pharyngeal artery

• Lingual artery

• Facial artery

• Sublingual branch of the lingual artery

Which nerve innervates the palatoglossus muscle?

• Vagus nerve

• Hypoglossal nerve

• Trigeminal nerve

• Facial nerve

What is the main action of the styloglossus muscle?

• Depress the tongue

• Protrude the tongue

• Flatten the tongue

• Retract and elevate the tongue

Which intrinsic muscle of the tongue helps in making it concave?

• Inferior longitudinal muscle

• Superior longitudinal muscle

• Transverse muscle

• Vertical muscle

What is the function of the transverse muscle of the tongue?

• Flatten the tongue

• Narrow and elongate the tongue

• Protrude the tongue

• Retract the tongue

Which nerve innervates all intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

• Facial nerve

• Vagus nerve

• Trigeminal nerve

• Hypoglossal nerve

What can cause unilateral paralysis of the tongue?

• Damage to the trigeminal nerve

• Damage to the vagus nerve

• Damage to the hypoglossal nerve

• Damage to the facial nerve

Which condition is NOT a cause of hypoglossal nerve damage?

• Multiple sclerosis

• Strokes

• Diabetes

• Brainstem tumors