Chemistry Properties and Structure of Matter: Properties of Matter - Chemical Properties of Elements

This video tutorial introduces the chemical properties of elements, distinguishing them from physical properties. It explains the significance of the valence shell and the octet rule in chemical reactions. The formation of ions, including cations and anions, is discussed, along with the types of chemical bonds: metallic, covalent, and ionic. The video also covers the reactivity of elements, particularly with water and acids, and highlights exceptions to general rules. Finally, it provides sample exam questions to reinforce learning.

What is a chemical property?

• The density of a substance

• A characteristic associated with a chemical reaction

• A characteristic not associated with a chemical reaction

• The color and luster of a substance

According to the octet rule, atoms tend to:

• Gain or lose electrons to have a full or empty valence shell

• Gain electrons to have a half-filled valence shell

• Neither gain nor lose electrons

• Lose electrons to have a half-filled valence shell

What is a cation?

• A negatively charged ion

• A positively charged ion

• An electron

• An atom with no charge

Which type of bond involves the sharing of electrons?

• Hydrogen bond

• Covalent bond

• Metallic bond

• Ionic bond

Metals are typically held together by which type of bond?

• Hydrogen bond

• Metallic bond

• Covalent bond

• Ionic bond

Which group of elements is known for being highly reactive due to having only one valence electron?

• Transition metals

• Noble gases

• Alkali metals

• Halogens

Why are noble gases considered chemically inert?

• They have a full valence shell

• They have no valence electrons

• They have a half-filled valence shell

• They are highly reactive

Which of the following metals reacts vigorously with water?

• Potassium

• Nickel

• Zinc

• Gold

What is the main feature of group 2 elements?

• They have two valence electrons

• They are noble gases

• They are non-reactive

• They have one valence electron

Which type of bond is formed between metals and non-metals?

• Hydrogen bond

• Covalent bond

• Ionic bond

• Metallic bond