Muscles of the abdominal wall

This tutorial explores the anatomy and function of the abdominal wall muscles, including the anterolateral and posterior groups. It covers the external oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis, and pyramidalis muscles, as well as the quadratus lumborum, psoas major, psoas minor, and iliacus. The video also discusses the clinical implications of these muscles, such as umbilical hernias, and provides a mnemonic for memorizing the anterolateral muscles.

What is the primary function of the abdominal wall muscles?

• To support the spinal column

• To enhance blood circulation

• To provide stability and protection to the abdominal cavity

• To aid in digestion

Which muscle is the most superficial of the lateral abdominal wall?

• Rectus abdominis

• External oblique

• Transversus abdominis

• Internal oblique

What is the function of the inguinal ligament?

• To support the diaphragm

• To connect the ribs to the spine

• To protect neurovascular structures passing to the lower limb

• To aid in respiration

Which muscle is known for forming the 'six-pack' appearance?

• Internal oblique

• Transversus abdominis

• Rectus abdominis

• Pyramidalis

What is the role of the pyramidalis muscle?

• To rotate the trunk

• To tense the linea alba

• To compress the abdominal contents

• To flex the trunk

Which muscle is the only true posterior abdominal wall muscle?

• Psoas major

• Iliacus

• Quadratus lumborum

• Psoas minor

What is the primary function of the iliopsoas muscle?

• To extend the hip

• To flex the hip

• To rotate the trunk

• To stabilize the pelvis

Which muscle is often absent in individuals?

• Iliacus

• Psoas minor

• Quadratus lumborum

• Psoas major

What is a common cause of acquired umbilical hernias in adults?

• Incomplete closure of the umbilical ring

• Weakening of the linea alba

• Excessive exercise

• Poor diet

What imaging technique can be used to detect non-obvious umbilical hernias?

• MRI

• X-ray

• PET scan

• Ultrasound