Myostatin | Negative Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Growth

The video discusses myostatin, a protein that regulates muscle growth by inhibiting it. It explains the signaling pathway involved in muscle protein synthesis, highlighting the roles of AKT, mTOR, and FOXO. Myostatin's inhibitory function is detailed, including its impact on muscle growth and potential therapeutic applications for muscle loss in the elderly. The video also covers genetic knockouts of myostatin, leading to excessive muscle growth, and the associated risks of inhibiting myostatin, particularly concerning heart and bone health.

What is the primary function of myostatin in the body?

• Increase cardiac output

• Inhibit muscle growth

• Promote muscle growth

• Enhance bone density

Which protein needs to be phosphorylated for muscle protein synthesis to occur?

• AKT

• mTOR

• FOXO

• SMAD

What role does mTOR play in muscle protein synthesis?

• It transports proteins

• It activates protein synthesis

• It inhibits protein degradation

• It degrades proteins

How does myostatin inhibit muscle growth?

• By enhancing mTOR activity

• By inhibiting PI3K

• By phosphorylating AKT

• By activating PI3K

What happens to FOXO when myostatin is present?

• It enters the nucleus

• It activates mTOR

• It remains in the cytoplasm

• It gets degraded

What is a visible effect of myostatin deficiency in animals?

• Reduced cardiac function

• Enhanced metabolism

• Excessive muscle growth

• Increased bone density

What genetic pattern is observed in myostatin knockout individuals?

• Homozygous dominant

• Heterozygous

• Homozygous recessive

• Incomplete dominance

What is a potential benefit of inhibiting myostatin in the elderly?

• Increased bone density

• Reduced risk of falls

• Improved cardiac function

• Enhanced cognitive ability

Why might bodybuilders be interested in myostatin inhibitors?

• To increase bone density

• To improve heart health

• To boost metabolism

• To enhance muscle mass

What is a potential risk of using myostatin inhibitors?

• Increased bone density

• Heart complications

• Improved metabolism

• Enhanced cognitive function