CLEAN : Japan PM pledges to invest $30 bn in Africa by 2018

The transcript discusses the historical context of African nation states, focusing on the Berlin conference over a century ago, which arbitrarily authorized the existence of these states without considering the needs of African peoples. It contrasts this with a current conference that embodies a synergistic spirit, offering hope for transformative change through discussion, debate, negotiation, and dialogue.

What was the main issue with the decisions made by foreign powers regarding African nation states?

• They were made with African consultation.

• They were based on thorough understanding.

• They were arbitrary and ignored African needs.

• They were beneficial to African peoples.

How does the speaker describe the spirit of the current conference compared to past ones?

• As equally negative.

• As more collaborative and hopeful.

• As indifferent.

• As more sinister.

What gives the speaker hope for the outcomes of the current conference?

• The lack of discussion.

• The ignorance of past mistakes.

• The collaborative spirit and dialogue.

• The absence of negotiation.

What methods does the speaker emphasize as crucial for achieving the conference's outcomes?

• Relying solely on foreign powers.

• Discussion, debate, negotiation, and dialogue.

• Ignoring past conferences.

• Avoiding any form of dialogue.

What is the ultimate goal of the agreed outcomes at the conference?

• To maintain the status quo.

• To bring about transformative change.

• To ignore African desires.

• To focus on foreign interests.