Components of the Theory of Natural Selection

The video discusses Charles Darwin's journey on the HMS Beagle, which led to the development of the theory of natural selection. It explains key concepts such as overproduction, competition, variation, and adaptation. A case study of finches in the Galapagos Islands illustrates natural selection in action. The principle of 'survival of the fittest' is highlighted, showing how nature selects individuals best adapted to their environment to survive and reproduce.

What was the primary purpose of the HMS Beagle's journey?

• To gather information leading to the theory of natural selection

• To find new trade routes

• To explore the Arctic regions

• To map the coastlines of Africa

What does the concept of overproduction in natural selection refer to?

• Producing more food than needed

• Species producing more offspring than can survive

• Creating more habitats for species

• Increasing the lifespan of organisms

How does competition arise among species according to natural selection?

• Through mutual agreements

• Through cooperation for resources

• Due to scarcity of resources

• By migrating to new areas

What is an adaptation in the context of natural selection?

• A change in environment

• A variation that helps an organism survive better

• A decrease in population size

• An increase in food supply

What does 'survival of the fittest' imply in natural selection?

• The strongest organisms always survive

• Only the largest species survive

• Organisms with beneficial traits are more likely to survive

• All organisms have equal chances of survival