The video tutorial explains observable traits, known as phenotypes, and their genetic basis, called genotypes. It uses examples like peapod color and earlobe attachment to illustrate how genotypes determine phenotypes. Dominant and recessive traits are discussed, with a focus on earlobe attachment, where unattached earlobes are dominant and attached earlobes are recessive.

Which of the following is an example of a phenotype?

• The number of chromosomes

• The DNA sequence of a gene

• The presence of a specific protein

• The height of a pea plant

What is the term for the genetic makeup of an organism?

• Phenotype

• Genotype

• Chromosome

• Allele

How many genes make up an individual's genotype for a trait?

• Three

• Two

• One

• Four

What is the dominant trait for earlobe attachment?

• Attached earlobes

• Unattached earlobes

• Pointed earlobes

• Curved earlobes

Which genotype represents unattached earlobes?

• Ll

• LL

• ll

• Both LL and Ll