Turkish War of Independence - 3 Minute History

After WWI, the Allied powers planned to divide the Ottoman Empire. Mustafa Kemal led a resistance against these plans, rejecting the Treaty of Sevres. With Soviet support, Turkey fought on multiple fronts, eventually leading to the abolition of the Sultanate and the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne, which secured Turkish independence. A population exchange between Greece and Turkey followed, reshaping the region.

Which nations were involved in the secret agreements to divide the Ottoman Empire after World War I?

• Germany and Austria

• Britain and France

• Italy and Spain

• Russia and Japan

What was Mustafa Kemal's role in the Turkish resistance?

• He led the Greek forces.

• He supported the Sultan's government.

• He signed the Treaty of Sevres.

• He organized local resistance movements.

What was the outcome of the Treaty of Lausanne?

• It established a new Ottoman Sultanate.

• It led to the occupation of Istanbul by Greece.

• It divided Turkey among the Allied powers.

• It secured Turkish independence.

What significant political change occurred in Greece as a result of the conflict?

• The rise of a new Ottoman Sultan.

• The annexation of Turkey by Greece.

• The abdication of King Constantine I.

• The establishment of the First Hellenic Republic.

What was agreed upon between Greece and Turkey regarding their populations?

• A trade embargo was implemented.

• A joint government was established.

• A population exchange was agreed upon.

• A military alliance was formed.