TED-Ed: Performing brain surgery without a scalpel | Hyunsoo Joshua No

Stereotactic radiosurgery is a non-invasive procedure that uses focused radiation beams to target and destroy brain tumors without incisions. It begins with imaging techniques like CT and MRI to map the tumor's location and shape. Multiple low-dose radiation beams converge on the tumor, shearing its DNA and creating a hostile environment for cancer cells. This method minimizes damage to healthy tissue and allows for quick recovery. While not suitable for all cases, radiosurgery offers a pain-free alternative to traditional surgery and is being explored for other medical conditions.

What is the primary purpose of using CT scans and MRIs in stereotactic radiosurgery?

• To determine the patient's blood type

• To map the tumor's location and shape

• To assess the patient's overall health

• To measure the patient's brain activity

How do multiple beams of radiation work together in radiosurgery?

• They spread out to cover a larger area of the brain

• They converge to deliver a high dose of radiation to the tumor

• They create a magnetic field to attract the tumor

• They are used to cool down the tumor

What is the role of free radicals in the radiosurgery process?

• They enhance the growth of healthy cells

• They create a microenvironment that is harmful to the tumor

• They help in repairing damaged DNA

• They stabilize the tumor's structure

Why might radiosurgery not be the first choice for all brain cancer treatments?

• It is more painful than traditional surgery

• It has a long recovery period

• It is typically reserved for smaller tumors

• It is only effective for large tumors

Which of the following conditions are being explored for treatment with radiosurgery?

• Parkinson's disease and epilepsy

• Heart disease and stroke

• Asthma and allergies

• Diabetes and hypertension