Enzymes

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up reactions by lowering activation energy. They work with substrates using a lock and key mechanism at the active site. Enzymes are specific to substrates and can either break down or build up molecules. They are sensitive to conditions like pH and temperature, requiring optimal conditions for maximum efficiency. Enzymes are used in various applications, including biological washing powders and the food industry.

What is the primary role of enzymes in biological reactions?

• To increase the activation energy

• To slow down the reaction rate

• To lower the activation energy

• To change the reaction products

How do enzymes and substrates interact according to the lock and key model?

• The enzyme and substrate fit together perfectly

• The enzyme and substrate repel each other

• The enzyme changes shape to fit the substrate

• The substrate changes shape to fit the enzyme

What happens to enzyme activity when the temperature exceeds the optimum level?

• The enzyme becomes more active

• The enzyme denatures and loses function

• The enzyme remains unchanged

• The enzyme becomes inactive temporarily

Why is it important to maintain a high enough substrate concentration for enzyme activity?

• To prevent enzyme denaturation

• To change the enzyme's active site

• To ensure the enzyme is not reused

• To maintain a high rate of reaction

Which enzyme is used in the food industry to increase juice yield from fruits?

• Carbohydrase

• Pectinase

• Lipase

• Protease