How do Outbreaks End? Vaccines and Recovery: Crash Course Outbreak Science

The video discusses how outbreaks end, emphasizing the role of vaccines in reducing disease spread and achieving herd immunity. It explains the criteria for determining the end of an outbreak, such as a drop in incidence rates. The video also highlights the challenges in vaccine development and distribution, and the importance of addressing health and community needs post-outbreak.

What is one of the vital tools in responding to an outbreak?

• Social distancing

• Quarantine

• Vaccines

• Antibiotics

What does it mean when the incidence of a disease drops to zero globally?

• The disease is pandemic

• The disease is controlled

• The disease is eradicated

• The disease is endemic

What is the term used when a disease becomes persistent in a region with small changes in incidence?

• Endemic

• Outbreak

• Epidemic

• Pandemic

What is the mathematical condition for an outbreak to end when transmitted person-to-person?

• R is less than 1

• R is equal to 1

• R is greater than 1

• R is zero

What is herd immunity?

• When everyone is vaccinated

• When a disease is eradicated

• When a large portion of the community becomes immune

• When a disease is endemic

Which type of vaccine uses a weakened or dead version of a pathogen?

• Subunit vaccine

• Nucleic acid vaccine

• Whole pathogen vaccine

• Live vaccine

What is the main goal of vaccines?

• To eradicate diseases

• To provide herd immunity

• To reduce symptoms of diseases

• To help the immune system recognize pathogens

Why might new vaccines need to be developed each year for some diseases?

• Pathogens evolve and change their genetic material

• Vaccines lose effectiveness over time

• People develop resistance to vaccines

• Vaccines are only temporary solutions

What are some long-term effects of serious infections?

• Persistent health issues

• Immediate recovery

• Complete recovery

• No symptoms

What is essential for reducing the odds of future outbreaks?

• Ignoring past outbreaks

• Studying past outbreaks

• Relying on natural immunity

• Avoiding vaccinations