Vitamin D Toxicity (Hypervitaminosis D) | Causes, Pathophysiology, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

The video tutorial discusses vitamin D toxicity, also known as hypervitaminosis D, which occurs when there are toxic levels of vitamin D in the body. It covers the sources of vitamin D, both exogenous (dietary and supplements) and endogenous (synthesis in the skin), and highlights the main causes of toxicity, such as excessive supplement intake and certain medical conditions. The pathophysiology involves increased calcium absorption, leading to hypercalcimia. Clinical features include bone pain, kidney stones, and psychiatric symptoms. Diagnosis is often clinical, supported by lab tests and EKG. Treatment involves discontinuing vitamin D sources, managing symptoms, and using medications like calcitonin in severe cases.

What is another term for Vitamin D toxicity?

• Hypovitaminosis D

• Hypervitaminosis D

• Vitamin D insufficiency

• Vitamin D deficiency

Which of the following is NOT a source of Vitamin D?

• Water

• Endogenous synthesis from cholesterol

• Fortified dairy milk

• Fish and meat

What is a major cause of Vitamin D toxicity?

• Excessive sun exposure

• Eating too much fish

• Ingestion of high doses of Vitamin D supplements

• Drinking water

Which condition can lead to excessive production of Vitamin D?

• Asthma

• Hypertension

• Sarcoidosis

• Diabetes

What is the active form of Vitamin D that increases calcium absorption?

• Calcidiol

• Ergocalciferol

• Cholecalciferol

• Calcitriol

Which symptom is NOT associated with hypercalcemia?

• Increased appetite

• Bone pain

• Kidney stones

• Muscle weakness

What is a common cardiac feature of hypercalcemia?

• Decreased heart rate

• Prolonged QT interval

• Shortened QT interval

• Increased heart rate

Which laboratory test is NOT typically used to diagnose Vitamin D toxicity?

• Total calcium

• Parathyroid hormone levels

• Ionized calcium

• Blood glucose

What is a key step in treating Vitamin D toxicity?

• Increasing Vitamin D intake

• Discontinuing exogenous Vitamin D sources

• Reducing water intake

• Increasing bed rest

Which medication can be used in severe cases of hypercalcemia?

• Paracetamol

• Aspirin

• Calcitonin

• Insulin