How One Disease Changed What We Know About Medicine - Twice

The video explores the history and impact of vitamin D, starting with its role in preventing rickets, a disease that became prevalent during the Industrial Revolution. It discusses the discovery of vitamin D and its fortification in foods, which led to cases of hypercalcemia due to excessive intake. The video highlights the genetic mutation CYP 24A1A, which affects vitamin D metabolism, and the role of non-coding DNA in genetic diseases. This research has broadened our understanding of genetic diseases and the importance of non-coding DNA.

What disease is caused by a lack of vitamin D in children?

• Diabetes

• Scurvy

• Anemia

• Rickets

What was the daily vitamin D intake for infants in Britain during the 1950s?

• 600 IU

• 4000 IU

• 2000 IU

• 400 IU

Which gene mutation was identified in 2011 as affecting vitamin D breakdown?

• CYP 24A1A

• APOE

• CFTR

• BRCA1

What percentage of the human genome does not code for proteins?

• 98%

• 75%

• 50%

• 2%

What is the role of the three prime end of mRNA?

• Codes for proteins

• Destroys faulty proteins

• Affects the shape of the RNA molecule

• Initiates DNA replication

What is a possible consequence of misfolded mRNA?

• Correct protein folding

• Increased protein synthesis

• Proteins with incorrect shapes

• Enhanced genetic expression

What discovery about non-coding DNA is highlighted in the research?

• It is entirely junk DNA

• It has no impact on diseases

• It only codes for enzymes

• It directly affects protein synthesis