GCSE Biology - DNA Part 2 - Alleles / Dominant / Heterozygous / Phenotypes and more! #64

The video tutorial explains key genetic terms such as alleles, dominance, and the difference between genotype and phenotype. It discusses how genes, which are DNA segments coding for proteins, determine traits. Alleles are different versions of a gene, and individuals inherit two alleles for each gene, one from each parent. The video also covers how dominant alleles are expressed over recessive ones, using examples like fur color in mice. Finally, it distinguishes between genotype, the genetic makeup, and phenotype, the observable traits.

What is a gene primarily responsible for?

• Determining the color of an organism

• Regulating body temperature

• Coding for a specific type of protein

• Producing energy for the cell

How are alleles best described?

• Segments of RNA

• Different versions of the same gene

• Identical copies of a gene

• Proteins that interact with DNA

In a heterozygous organism, which allele is expressed?

• Neither allele

• Both alleles equally

• The dominant allele

• The recessive allele

What does the term 'homozygous recessive' refer to?

• Having two different alleles for a trait

• Having two identical dominant alleles

• Having one dominant and one recessive allele

• Having two identical recessive alleles

What is the main difference between genotype and phenotype?

• Genotype refers to proteins, phenotype refers to DNA

• Genotype and phenotype are the same

• Genotype is the genetic makeup, phenotype is the observable trait

• Genotype is the observable trait, phenotype is the genetic makeup