What are Mendel and Genetic Crosses

The video explores the history of selective breeding, highlighting Gregor Mendel's groundbreaking work on inheritance using pea plants. Mendel discovered that traits are inherited as discrete units, leading to the concepts of dominant and recessive genes. His experiments showed that traits might not appear in every generation but can be passed on, as demonstrated by the 3:1 ratio in offspring. The video also introduces genetic diagrams and Punnett squares to illustrate these concepts.

What is the significance of the 3 to 1 ratio found in Mendel's experiments?

Describe how a Punnett square can be used to predict the genotypes of offspring.