What is an inverter?

The video tutorial explains the differences between AC and DC electricity, highlighting that home appliances use AC while sources like solar panels and batteries produce DC. It describes how inverters convert DC to AC using IGBTs and controllers, and how switching mechanisms can produce AC electricity. The tutorial also covers voltage and frequency control with transformers and introduces pulse width modulation to improve waveforms. The process of converting a 12V DC battery to a 120V or 230V AC supply is summarized.

What is the significance of using a transformer in the conversion process?

Describe how the frequency of the output can be controlled.