Explainer: How Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine works

The video explains how mRNA vaccines, like Pfizer's, use a genetic blueprint to instruct cells to produce a harmless spike protein, simulating a coronavirus infection and triggering an immune response. Lipid nanoparticles protect and deliver the mRNA to cells, where ribosomes produce the spike protein, prompting the body to build immunity.

What happens to the spike protein produced by the ribosomes?

Explain how the body responds to the spike protein displayed on the surface of the cell.