Design Microservices Architecture with Patterns and Principles - Stateless and Stateful Application Horizontal Scaling

The video tutorial discusses scaling applications, focusing on vertical and horizontal scaling. It explains the differences between stateless and stateful applications, emphasizing the importance of managing stateful data with the CAP theorem. The tutorial also covers consistency levels, including strict and eventual consistency, and introduces database sharding as a method to scale stateful services. The challenges of managing data in distributed systems are highlighted.

Explain the concept of database sharding and its importance in scaling stateful services.

What challenges might arise when managing data across multiple database servers in a distributed system?