Practice Problem: Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Multi-Step Pathway

The video tutorial covers a series of electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions involving benzene. It begins with an introduction to the practice problem, where benzene undergoes three transformations: Friedel-Crafts alkylation, nitration, and bromination. The instructor explains the directing effects of substituents on the benzene ring, emphasizing the role of ortho, meta, and para directors. The tutorial highlights the importance of understanding the directing groups and their influence on the position of incoming electrophiles, ultimately leading to the formation of specific products.

What are the conditions for bromination of the substituted benzene ring, and how do they relate to the directing effects of the substituents?

Discuss the final product of the sequence of transformations and how the positions of the substituents affect the outcome.