The Nature of Light: Nature of Electromagnetic Waves

In the late 1600s, Isaac Newton proposed that light behaves as particles. This was challenged by scientists who believed light travels in waves, as it can bend and pass through objects. This wave theory was dominant for many years. Over a century later, Albert Einstein introduced the concept of photons, suggesting light is made of energy packets. Today, it's accepted that light behaves both as waves and particles, acting like a wave when traveling and like particles when interacting with objects.

What are photons and how do they relate to light?

In what ways can light behave according to modern scientific understanding?