How Do mRNA Vaccines Work?

mRNA vaccines represent a new technology that uses RNA to instruct cells to produce antigens, triggering an immune response. Unlike traditional vaccines, which use weakened or inactive pathogens, mRNA vaccines provide a genetic template for cells to create antigens. This method is safe, does not alter DNA, and has been rapidly developed for COVID-19. The technology holds promise for other diseases, including rabies, Zika, and potentially cancer.

Why is it significant that mRNA vaccines do not enter the nucleus of cells?

Discuss the safety and effectiveness of mRNA vaccines based on current knowledge.

What potential future applications do mRNA vaccines have beyond COVID-19?