Achalasia | Pathophysiology, Causes, Signs & Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

The video tutorial provides a comprehensive overview of achalasia, an acquired esophageal motility disorder characterized by the failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax. It discusses the types, epidemiology, and increased cancer risk associated with the condition. The pathophysiology section explains the degeneration of myenteric plexus neurons, leading to esophageal motility issues. Causes of achalasia, including idiopathic and secondary factors, are explored. Symptoms such as dysphagia and regurgitation are highlighted, along with diagnostic methods like barium swallow and endoscopy. Treatment options, including lifestyle changes, medications, and surgical interventions, are also covered.

How does achalasia increase the risk of esophageal cancer?

What are some potential causes of secondary achalasia?

What is the significance of the 'bird beak' appearance in achalasia diagnosis?

What treatment options are available for patients with achalasia?