US President Dwight D. Eisenhower announces the onset of the International Geophysical Year in 1957

Eisenhower announced the start of the International Geophysical Year, marking a new era in science. This 18-month period involves collaboration among scientists from the U.S. and 60 other nations to conduct an intensive study of Earth.

Which countries will join the United States in the scientific efforts during this period?

What is the main objective of the International Geophysical Year?