The video tutorial explains Mendel's principles of dominance and recessiveness, where dominant traits mask recessive ones. It uses letters to symbolize these traits, with capital letters for dominant and lowercase for recessive. The tutorial illustrates this with examples of pea plant traits, such as height and peapod color. It describes how crossing true-breeding plants results in offspring with predictable traits, demonstrating Mendel's laws of inheritance.

What are the offspring of a true-breeding green pod pea plant crossed with a yellow pod pea plant symbolized by?

What is the expected appearance of the offspring from the cross-pollination of the plants mentioned?