Receptors: Signal Transduction and Phosphorylation Cascade

The video explains how cells communicate using receptors, which are proteins that receive signals from outside the cell. These signals, often in the form of ligands, bind to receptors and cause conformational changes that trigger various cellular responses. The video covers signal transduction, second messengers, relay molecules, receptor-mediated endocytosis, and intracellular receptors. It also discusses how these processes can affect gene expression, metabolism, and cell division.

How do intracellular receptors differ from membrane-bound receptors?

What are some cellular responses triggered by signaling molecules?

In what ways can malfunctioning receptors affect cellular processes?