Graph the Cosine Function with a Phase Shift

The video tutorial explains how to graph the cosine function with transformations. It covers key elements such as amplitude, period, X scale, phase shift, and vertical transformation. The instructor demonstrates graphing the parent cosine function and applying a phase shift to it, showing how the graph shifts π units to the right.

What does the vertical transformation refer to in the context of the cosine function?

Describe how the graph of the cosine function is affected by a phase shift of π units to the right.