Winter heat wave caused by ‘stuck’ jet stream

The video discusses a sudden shift in weather patterns in the US, with freezing temperatures moving from Alaska and Canada to the lower 48 states. Prior to this, the US experienced record-breaking heat, while the Pacific Northwest and British Columbia faced heavy rainfall. The unusual weather was attributed to a stuck polar vortex, which typically changes shape and position but remained stationary, causing warm weather in November and early December.

What is the polar vortex and how does it affect weather patterns?

Why have scientists noted that the polar vortex has been stuck in one place?