Subatomic Particles and Atomic Structure Explained

This video tutorial explains how to determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an element. It covers key concepts such as atomic number and atomic mass, and provides methods for calculating subatomic particles in both neutral atoms and ions. The video also introduces the octet rule, which describes how atoms achieve stability by having eight electrons in their outermost shell.

What does the atomic number of an element represent?

• The number of electron shells

• The number of neutrons

• The number of protons

• The atomic mass

How do you calculate the number of neutrons in an element?

• Add the atomic number to the atomic mass

• Subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass

• Divide the atomic mass by the atomic number

• Multiply the atomic number by the atomic mass

If an atom is neutral, how can you determine the number of electrons?

• By knowing the atomic mass

• By knowing the atomic number

• By knowing the number of neutrons

• By knowing the number of electron shells

What happens to the number of electrons in a Ca2+ ion?

• Two electrons are added

• Two electrons are lost

• Three electrons are added

• Three electrons are lost

How many electrons does a nitrogen ion with a -3 charge have?

• 13 electrons

• 7 electrons

• 4 electrons

• 10 electrons

What does the octet rule state about atomic stability?

• Atoms are stable with 12 electrons in the outer shell

• Atoms are stable with 10 electrons in the outer shell

• Atoms are stable with 8 electrons in the outer shell

• Atoms are stable with 2 electrons in the outer shell

What is the maximum number of electrons the first electron shell can hold?

• 8 electrons

• 2 electrons

• 6 electrons

• 4 electrons

Where are protons and neutrons located within an atom?

• In the valence shell

• In the outermost shell

• In the nucleus

• In the electron shells

How many electrons can each subsequent electron shell hold after the first?

• 4 electrons

• 2 electrons

• 6 electrons

• 8 electrons

What is the significance of having 8 electrons in the outermost shell?

• It makes the atom neutral

• It makes the atom unstable

• It makes the atom an ion

• It makes the atom stable