Neurons and Glial Cells: Exploring the Structure and Function of the Nervous System

The video provides an in-depth look at the structure and function of nerve cells, focusing on neurons and glial cells. It explains the components of a neuron, including the cell body, neurites, and organelles. The video also covers how neurons communicate through synapses and neurotransmitters, the process of axonal transport, and the role of myelination in nerve impulse conduction. Additionally, it discusses different types of neurons, such as multipolar, bipolar, and unipolar neurons, and their respective functions in the nervous system.

Which type of cell is primarily responsible for forming the blood-brain barrier?

• Schwann cells

• Ependymal cells

• Astrocytes

• Microglia

What is the primary function of dendrites in a neuron?

• To form the myelin sheath

• To carry information away from the cell body

• To bring information towards the cell body

• To synthesize neurotransmitters

What are synaptic vesicles responsible for?

• Releasing neurotransmitters

• Transporting organelles

• Forming the axolemma

• Synthesizing ATP

Which molecular motor protein is used for anterograde transport in axons?

• Actin

• Myosin

• Kinesin

• Dynein

What is the role of the myelin sheath in nerve conduction?

• To synthesize neurotransmitters

• To act as an electrical insulator

• To transport proteins

• To slow down impulse conduction

What is the function of the nodes of Ranvier in a myelinated axon?

• To increase the speed of impulse conduction

• To synthesize neurotransmitters

• To form the axolemma

• To transport organelles

Which type of neuron is most commonly found in the human body?

• Pseudounipolar neurons

• Multipolar neurons

• Unipolar neurons

• Bipolar neurons

Where are bipolar neurons typically located?

• In the cerebellum

• In the dorsal root ganglia

• In the retina and olfactory epithelium

• In the spinal cord

What is the primary role of afferent neurons?

• To carry information from the CNS to the periphery

• To carry information from the periphery to the CNS

• To form the myelin sheath

• To synthesize neurotransmitters

What is the embryological origin of unipolar neurons in humans?

• They are originally pseudounipolar

• They are originally multipolar

• They are originally bipolar

• They are originally tripolar