Chromosomal Aberrations Explained Through Genetic Variations

The video tutorial explains chromosomal aberrations, which are visible abnormalities in chromosome number or structure. It covers four main types: deletion, duplication, inversion, and translocation. Deletion involves the loss of genetic material, while duplication refers to repeated segments. Inversion is the reversal of gene order, and translocation involves the interchange of segments between non-homologous chromosomes. Each type has specific characteristics and implications, such as evolutionary roles or causing hereditary disorders.

What is a chromosomal aberration?

• A type of genetic drift

• A change in the number or structure of chromosomes

• A mutation in the DNA sequence

• A form of natural selection

What is terminal deletion?

• Inversion of a chromosome segment

• Duplication of a chromosome segment

• Loss of a chromosome segment in the middle

• Loss of a chromosome segment at the end

Which of the following is an example of intercalary deletion?

• Inversion of a segment

• Loss of a segment in the middle of the chromosome

• Duplication of a segment

• Loss of a segment at the chromosome's end

What happens during duplication in chromosomes?

• A segment is translocated

• A segment is lost

• A segment is repeated

• A segment is inverted

Which organisms have reported duplications?

• Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles

• Humans, Dogs, Cats

• Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi

• Drosophila, Corn, Peas

What is inversion in chromosomal terms?

• A segment is translocated

• A segment is repeated

• A segment is reversed

• A segment is lost

What is the difference between pericentric and paracentric inversion?

• Pericentric involves centromere; paracentric does not

• Paracentric involves centromere; pericentric does not

• Neither involves centromere

• Both involve centromere

What is reciprocal translocation?

• Duplication of a segment

• Loss of a segment

• Exchange of segments between non-homologous chromosomes

• Exchange of segments between homologous chromosomes

What is heterozygous translocation?

• Both chromosome pairs are normal

• Neither chromosome pair has interchanged segments

• Both chromosome pairs have interchanged segments

• One chromosome pair is normal, the other has interchanged segments

How does translocation affect species?

• It causes extinction

• It plays a role in species differentiation

• It has no effect

• It only affects plants