The video tutorial introduces the concept of index fossils, which are fossils found in many areas but only lived for a short period. The instructor explains how to identify index fossils by finding a fossil present in each rock layer. The tutorial also covers the use of volcanic ash layers to determine the relative ages of bedrock. The video concludes with a final example to reinforce the concept of index fossils.

What is a key characteristic of an index fossil?

• It is found in every layer of rock.

• It lived for a long period of time.

• It is found in only one location.

• It is found in many areas but lived for a short period.

Why can't a fossil found multiple times in one layer be an index fossil?

• It indicates the fossil lived for a long time.

• It suggests the fossil is not widespread.

• It shows the fossil is not unique to that layer.

• It means the fossil is too common.

What is the main criterion for a fossil to be considered an index fossil?

• It must be found once in each column.

• It must be found in every rock layer.

• It must be found in multiple columns.

• It must be found in only one column.

Why is it important for an index fossil to be found once in each column?

• It means the fossil is common in that area.

• It indicates the fossil is widespread and short-lived.

• It shows the fossil is unique to that column.

• It suggests the fossil lived for a long time.

How can you confirm a fossil is an index fossil?

• It is found once in each column and well spread out.

• It is found in only one location.

• It is found in every rock layer.

• It is found multiple times in one column.

How are volcanic ash layers useful in geology?

• They are found in every geological layer.

• They show the exact age of the Earth.

• They help correlate the relative ages of bedrock.

• They indicate the presence of fossils.

What makes a volcanic ash layer a good index layer?

• It is deposited over a large area in a short time.

• It is deposited over a small area.

• It is found in only one location.

• It contains many fossils.

What does the presence of a volcanic ash layer indicate?

• The presence of many fossils.

• A short period of widespread deposition.

• A small area of deposition.

• A long period of volcanic activity.

What should you look for when identifying an index fossil using numbers?

• A number that appears in every layer.

• A number that appears in only one column.

• A number that appears once in each column.

• A number that appears multiple times in one column.

What is the significance of finding a number once in each column?

• It suggests the number is widespread.

• It indicates the number is common.

• It confirms the number is an index layer.

• It shows the number is unique to that column.