Enzyme Dynamics and Metabolic Pathways in Living Organisms

The video covers enzyme structure and function, explaining how enzymes act as catalysts in metabolic pathways. It discusses factors affecting enzyme activity, such as pH and temperature, and introduces cellular energy concepts, including energy coupling. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are detailed, highlighting their roles in energy conversion. The importance of biological variation in fitness is also emphasized.

What is the primary role of enzymes in biological systems?

• To transport molecules across membranes

• To act as biological catalysts

• To provide energy for reactions

• To store genetic information

Which of the following best describes a catabolic pathway?

• It builds up molecules

• It breaks down molecules

• It stores energy

• It transports molecules

How do enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction?

• By changing the pH

• By providing energy

• By binding to substrates

• By increasing the temperature

What happens to an enzyme after it catalyzes a reaction?

• It can be reused

• It is consumed in the reaction

• It is permanently altered

• It becomes inactive

Which factor does NOT affect enzyme activity?

• Temperature

• pH levels

• Substrate concentration

• Color of the enzyme

What is the role of competitive inhibitors in enzyme activity?

• They provide energy for the reaction

• They change the enzyme's shape

• They block the active site

• They increase enzyme activity

What is energy coupling in metabolic pathways?

• The conversion of energy into heat

• The storage of energy in ATP

• The use of energy from one reaction to drive another

• The recycling of energy

Which process is responsible for converting sunlight into chemical energy?

• Fermentation

• Glycolysis

• Photosynthesis

• Cellular respiration

What is the main product of the Calvin Cycle?

• NADPH

• Glucose

• ATP

• Oxygen

Why is molecular variation important for biological fitness?

• It decreases mutation rates

• It improves response to environmental changes

• It stabilizes population size

• It increases energy production