End of Reconstruction

The 1876 presidential election between Tilden and Hayes was highly controversial, leading to the Compromise of 1877, which ended Reconstruction by withdrawing federal troops from the South. This marked the start of the Jim Crow era, characterized by laws enforcing racial segregation and disenfranchisement of African Americans. The Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson upheld the 'separate but equal' doctrine, further entrenching racial inequality. The Ku Klux Klan used violence to maintain white supremacy, although legal actions led to its decline by the late 1870s.

What was the main issue with the Electoral College votes in the 1876 election?

• They were unclear in several states.

• They were all given to Tilden.

• They were not counted at all.

• They were all counted twice.

What was the role of the Electoral Commission in the 1876 election?

• To count the popular vote.

• To resolve the disputed Electoral College votes.

• To disband the Electoral College.

• To elect the president directly.

What was the result of the Compromise of 1877?

• Tilden became president.

• Federal troops remained in the South.

• Hayes became president and federal troops were withdrawn.

• The Electoral Commission was disbanded.

What was the primary purpose of Jim Crow laws?

• To enforce racial segregation and uphold white supremacy.

• To end the Reconstruction era.

• To promote economic growth in the South.

• To provide equal opportunities for all races.

What was the main argument used to justify Jim Crow laws?

• They were necessary for economic development.

• They provided equal facilities for both races.

• They were a temporary measure.

• They were supported by the federal government.

Which Supreme Court case upheld the 'separate but equal' doctrine?

• Roe v. Wade

• Brown v. Board of Education

• Dred Scott v. Sandford

• Plessy v. Ferguson

What was the impact of the Plessy v. Ferguson decision?

• It overturned the Jim Crow laws.

• It was immediately overturned by another case.

• It ended racial segregation.

• It upheld the constitutionality of 'separate but equal'.

How did the Ku Klux Klan enforce white supremacy during Reconstruction?

• Through peaceful protests.

• By passing new laws.

• By using violence and intimidation.

• By negotiating with African American leaders.

What was the effect of the Grandfather Clauses on voting rights?

• They allowed all African Americans to vote.

• They eliminated poll taxes.

• They exempted poor whites from voting restrictions.

• They increased voter turnout among African Americans.

What was the outcome of the legal opposition to the Ku Klux Klan?

• The Klan was legalized by Congress.

• The Klan expanded its activities.

• Most Klan groups disbanded by the late 1870s.

• The Klan became a political party.