Nervous System Cell Functions

This tutorial by Peter from Anatomy Zone explores the basic structure of neurons, the fundamental units of the nervous system. It covers the neuron cell body, including the nucleus and cytoplasm, and explains the roles of nissle granules, neurofilaments, and neurotubules. The video also discusses neuron extensions like dendrites and axons, highlighting their functions in receiving and transmitting information. The importance of the myelin sheath and nodes of Ranvier in nerve impulse conduction is explained, along with different types of synapses and neuron junctions. The tutorial concludes with a preview of future topics.

What are the two main types of cells that make up nervous tissue?

• Muscle cells and epithelial cells

• Glial cells and epithelial cells

• Neurons and muscle cells

• Neurons and glial cells

What is the primary function of Nissl granules in the neuron cell body?

• To protect the nucleus

• To manufacture proteins

• To store energy

• To transmit nerve impulses

Which part of the neuron is responsible for receiving information from other neurons?

• Axon

• Cell body

• Dendrites

• Myelin sheath

What is the role of the axon in a neuron?

• To produce energy for the neuron

• To store genetic information

• To transmit nerve impulses to target cells

• To receive signals from other neurons

What is the function of the myelin sheath?

• To protect the axon from damage

• To produce proteins

• To insulate the nerve and enhance impulse transmission

• To store neurotransmitters

What are the gaps between myelin sheaths called?

• Synaptic clefts

• Nodes of Ranvier

• Dendritic spines

• Axon terminals

What type of conduction occurs at the nodes of Ranvier?

• Continuous conduction

• Saltatory conduction

• Chemical conduction

• Electrical conduction

What is the end point of an axon branch called?

• Synaptic bouton

• Dendritic spine

• Myelin sheath

• Axon hillock

Which type of synapse involves an axon interacting with a cell body?

• Axodendritic

• Axosomatic

• Dendrodendritic

• Axoaxonic

What is the primary role of synapses in the nervous system?

• To produce neurotransmitters

• To protect neurons from damage

• To transmit information between neurons

• To store energy