Plasmids and Genetic Engineering Concepts

The video tutorial explains plasmids, small circular DNA pieces that replicate independently from host DNA. Plasmids are used as vectors to introduce foreign DNA into cells, often containing genes that provide bacteria with survival advantages. The tutorial covers plasmid components like the origin of replication and selectable markers, which help differentiate bacteria with engineered plasmids. It also discusses gene insertion at multiple cloning sites and the creation of recombinant plasmids.

What characteristic of plasmids makes them easy to manipulate in the lab?

• Their stability

• Their circular shape

• Their linear structure

• Their large size

How do plasmids benefit bacteria in extreme conditions?

• By reducing replication rate

• By increasing size

• By offering a competitive advantage

• By providing energy

What method is mentioned for introducing foreign DNA into cells using plasmids?

• Electroporation

• Centrifugation

• Filtration

• Precipitation

What is the function of the Ori in a plasmid?

• To terminate replication

• To initiate replication

• To bind proteins

• To degrade DNA

What is a common selectable marker used in plasmids?

• Gene for fluorescence

• Gene for antibiotic resistance

• Gene for size increase

• Gene for color change

What happens to bacteria without the engineered plasmid when exposed to antibiotics?

• They grow faster

• They become resistant

• They die

• They change color

What is the purpose of a multiple cloning site in a plasmid?

• To replicate DNA

• To bind RNA

• To insert genes of interest

• To degrade foreign DNA

Where is the promoter located in relation to the restriction sites in a plasmid?

• After the first restriction site

• Before the first restriction site

• Between two restriction sites

• At the end of the plasmid

What is the role of restriction sites in a multiple cloning site?

• To bind proteins

• To degrade plasmids

• To facilitate gene insertion

• To prevent DNA replication

What is created by inserting new genes into plasmids?

• DNA fragments

• Recombinant plasmids

• Viral vectors

• Bacterial colonies