Thoracic Anatomy and Function

The video provides an overview of the thoracic cage, detailing its structure, components, and functions. It explains the types of ribs (true, false, and floating) and their articulations with the vertebrae. The video also covers the anatomy of typical and atypical ribs and vertebrae, the joints and ligaments involved, and the structure of the sternum. Finally, it discusses the movements of the thoracic cage during respiration.

What is the primary function of the thoracic cage?

• To support the abdominal organs

• To provide attachment for the pelvic girdle

• To protect vital organs like the heart and lungs

• To aid in digestion

How do true ribs attach to the sternum?

• Via a fibrous joint

• They do not attach to the sternum

• Indirectly via the cartilage of the rib above

• Directly via costal cartilage

Which ribs are considered floating ribs?

• Ribs 3 to 9

• Ribs 1 and 2

• Ribs 8, 9, and 10

• Ribs 11 and 12

What distinguishes atypical ribs from typical ribs?

• They have no costal cartilage

• They attach directly to the sternum

• They have unique features and articulations

• They are longer than typical ribs

Which vertebrae are considered atypical?

• Only T1 and T2

• T1, T10, T11, and T12

• T3 to T9

• All thoracic vertebrae

What type of joint is formed between the head of the rib and the vertebrae?

• Ball and socket joint

• Hinge joint

• Plane synovial joint

• Fibrous joint

What is the function of the costotransverse ligament?

• To connect the rib to the sternum

• To support the costotransverse joint

• To allow movement of the rib

• To attach the rib to the vertebral body

What are the three parts of the sternum?

• Anterior, posterior, and lateral

• Superior, middle, and inferior

• Head, neck, and tubercle

• Manubrium, body, and xiphoid process

What movement increases the anteroposterior dimensions of the thorax?

• Flexion of the ribs

• Rotation of the vertebrae

• Pump-handle movement

• Bucket-handle movement

How many intercostal spaces are there between the ribs?

• 10

• 11

• 12

• 13