DNA Replication Processes and Enzymes

The video tutorial explains the complex process of DNA replication, highlighting the semiconservative model as the correct method. It details the roles of various proteins like helicase, polymerase, and primase in unwinding and synthesizing DNA strands. The tutorial also distinguishes between leading and lagging strands, emphasizing the formation of Okazaki fragments. Finally, it compares DNA replication in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, noting differences in protein names and functions.

Which model of DNA replication was confirmed to be correct?

• Semiconservative

• Fragmented

• Dispersive

• Conservative

Where does DNA replication begin?

• At the end of the DNA strand

• At the origin of replication

• At random points along the DNA

• At the center of the DNA strand

In which direction is DNA always synthesized?

• Both directions simultaneously

• Random direction

• 5' to 3'

• 3' to 5'

What are the small DNA fragments called that are synthesized on the lagging strand?

• Okazaki fragments

• Polymerase fragments

• Helicase fragments

• Primase fragments

What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?

• To join Okazaki fragments

• To stabilize single-stranded DNA

• To unwind the DNA double helix

• To synthesize new DNA strands

What prevents the formation of hairpins in single-stranded DNA?

• Helicase

• DNA polymerase

• Single-stranded binding proteins

• DNA ligase

What is the function of DNA primase?

• To convert RNA primers into DNA

• To synthesize RNA primers

• To unwind DNA strands

• To join DNA fragments

Which enzyme converts RNA primers into DNA?

• DNA polymerase III

• DNA ligase

• DNA polymerase I

• Helicase

What is the equivalent of DNA polymerase III in eukaryotic cells?

• Polymerase Alpha

• Polymerase Delta

• Polymerase Beta

• Polymerase Gamma

What is the role of DNA ligase in DNA replication?

• To unwind DNA strands

• To synthesize RNA primers

• To convert RNA primers into DNA

• To join Okazaki fragments