Colonial Government and Enlightenment Thinkers

The video explores the origins of American democracy, tracing its roots to English political traditions such as representative government and limited monarchy. It discusses key documents like the Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights, which influenced the development of individual rights and constitutional monarchy. The video also covers early self-governance in American colonies, the types of colonies, and the impact of Enlightenment thinkers on American political thought.

What was the primary purpose of the English Parliament when it was first established?

• To increase the power of the monarchy

• To limit the power of the monarchy

• To create a new form of government

• To establish a single-chamber legislature

Which document first limited the power of the English king by requiring noble approval for taxation?

• The Mayflower Compact

• The Magna Carta

• The English Bill of Rights

• The Petition of Rights

What was a significant outcome of the Petition of Rights signed by King Charles I?

• It abolished the monarchy

• It established military rule during peacetime

• It allowed the king to levy taxes without approval

• It required parliamentary approval for new taxes

Which early colonial document guaranteed a society governed by majority rule and consent of the people?

• The Jamestown House of Burgesses

• The Massachusetts Body of Liberties

• The Mayflower Compact

• The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

What was the main characteristic of a proprietary colony?

• It was directly controlled by the king

• It operated under a charter agreed to by the colony and king

• It was based on a land grant to an individual or group

• It had no form of self-government

Which type of colony enjoyed the most independence from the English crown?

• Royal colonies

• Proprietary colonies

• Charter colonies

• Military colonies

Which Enlightenment thinker is known for the idea of natural rights, including life, liberty, and property?

• Montesquieu

• John Locke

• Voltaire

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

What concept did Montesquieu contribute to that influenced the structure of the U.S. government?

• Separation of powers

• Economic freedom

• Natural rights

• Social contract

According to Rousseau, what should people do if their government becomes tyrannical?

• Accept the government's authority

• Overthrow and replace the government

• Establish a new monarchy

• Seek approval from the monarchy

Which Enlightenment thinker emphasized the importance of freedom of speech and religion?

• William Blackstone

• Voltaire

• Adam Smith

• Nicola Machiavelli