Immune System and Pathogens

The video tutorial covers the differences between specific and non-specific immune responses. It begins with an introduction to the five types of pathogens: viruses, fungi, bacteria, protozoa, and rickettsias, and discusses whether they are living or non-living. The tutorial then explains the body's physical and chemical barriers, such as skin, mucus, and stomach acid, which act as non-specific defenses. It further elaborates on non-specific responses like phagocytes that protect against any pathogen. The video concludes with specific immune responses, highlighting how the body uses antigens, memory cells, and antibodies to target specific pathogens.

Which of the following is NOT a type of pathogen?

• Virus

• Fungi

• Bacteria

• Insect

What is the nature of viruses in terms of being living or non-living?

• Neither

• Non-living

• Living

• Both

Which of the following is a physical barrier that protects the body from pathogens?

• Heart

• Skin

• Blood

• Liver

What is the role of mucus in the body's defense system?

• To trap pathogens

• To digest food

• To produce hormones

• To circulate blood

Which of the following is NOT a chemical barrier?

• Saliva

• Tears

• Stomach acid

• Bone

What is the primary function of phagocytes?

• To secrete hormones

• To transport oxygen

• To eat pathogens

• To produce antibodies

How do phagocytes respond to different types of pathogens?

• They only target viruses

• They adapt to each type

• They respond the same way

• They ignore some pathogens

What is the unique marker on pathogens that helps the body identify them?

• Hormone

• Protein

• Enzyme

• Antigen

Which cells are involved in the body's specific immune response?

• Red blood cells

• B cells

• Neurons

• Platelets

What happens when the body develops memory cells?

• It increases heart rate

• It produces more red blood cells

• It becomes resistant to specific pathogens

• It forgets past infections